Wave Packet Spreading

Free-particle dispersion ω=ħk²/2m: group velocity v_g = 2×phase velocity. Peaks march at v_p; envelope races at v_g.
σ₀ = 1.0 nm
k₀ = 5.0 nm⁻¹
t = 0 fs
t = 0 fs
σ(t) = 1.000 nm
v_g = 0 nm/fs
v_p = v_g/2 = 0 nm/fs
⟨x⟩ = 0 nm