Asymptotic Perturbation Theory — Anharmonic Oscillator H = p²/2 + x²/2 + λx⁴

Bender–Wu (1969): the perturbation series diverges for every λ > 0 (Dyson argument). Yet the partial sums are asymptotically useful: error first decreases, reaches a minimum at N_opt ≈ 1/(2λ), then grows without bound. Exact energies via finite-difference matrix diagonalization (shift-invert iteration).

log₁₀|E_PT(N,λ) − E_exact(λ)| vs N (number of PT terms)
Highlight λ:
Detail: Selected λ
N E_PT |Error| ratio
N_opt ≈ 1/(2λ) — optimal truncation
ratio = |aN+1λN+1| / |aNλN|
Series diverges when ratio > 1 (red rows = past N_opt)

Divergence rate: |a_n| ~ (2n)!/3n → factorial growth